Network Security Essay Example for Free

Network Security Essay Firewall:- A firewall is a software program or a piece of information that help screen out hackers, virus, worms and Trojan horse that try to reach to your computer over the internet. If you use a computer at home the most efficient and important step to help your computer to protect by turning on your firewall. If you have a more than one computer connects in home. It is important to protect every computer. You should have a hardware firewall (such as router) to protect your network, but you should also use software firewall on each computer to prevent the spread of virus your network. If your computer is a part of business, you should follow the policy established by network administrator. How it works:- When your firewall protection is turned on, everything that goes in and out of the network is monitored. The firewall monitors allows ‘good data’ in and block ‘bad data’ from entering your network. Firewall uses one or combination of the following method to control the traffic in and of the network:- 1) Packet filtering:- The most basic form of firewall software uses pre-determined rules to create different filters. If an incoming packet of data (small chunk of data) is flagged by the filters, it is not allowed through. Packets that make it through the filters are sent to requesting system and all others are discarded. 2) Proxy services:- A proxy service is an application that acts as an intermediary between systems. Information from the internet is received by the firewall and sent to the requesting system and vice versa.   Proxy server operates at the application layer of firewall, where both ends of the connection are forced to conduct session through the proxy. They operate by creating and running a process on the firewall that mirrors a service as if it were running on the host end, and thus centralize all the information transfer to the firewall for scanning. 3) Stateful inspection:- The most modern method of firewall scanning that does not rely on memory intensive examination is ‘Stateful inspection’. A Stateful firewall  holds significant attributes of each connection of trusted information for the duration of session. These attributes which are collectively known as state of the connection may include ip addresses, ports involved in the network and number of packets being transferred. Types:- There are two types of firewall that are as follows:- Hardware firewall. Software firewall. 1) Hardware firewall:- Hardware firewall built into the device such as routers and can protect every single machine on a network and require little configuration for efficient work. They mostly use packet filtering technique to examine the header of the packet, determining source and destination, then comparing the data to a set of predefine rules, they decide whether to ignore the packet or forward to the next step or to its final destination. 2) Software firewall:- Software firewalls are the most popular protection method for home users. They usually come as standalone applications or as a part of complete antivirus protection software. That is why it is mostly used in personal network. Antivirus such as bull guard provides besides providing protection for inbound and outbound traffic. A software firewall also protects against worms and Trojan horses. The software firewall must be regularly protected to keep up the latest technology updates and provides effective protection. NOTE:- Each type has advantages and disadvantages, ranging from ease of implementation to high initial cost. Companies should use the firewall as part of overall information security program that includes data integrity, application integrity and data confidentiality and authentication.

Becoming A Soldier :: essays research papers

Becoming a soldier The clock was ringing so loudly, it was like he was actually screaming at me. I reached my hand and slapped it. I did not want the night to be over already. I knew that this morning would be very long and grueling, the morning that I have been waiting for in a great fear for several months. It was the morning I was drafted to the army. In Israel, every boy and girl who reaches eighteen have to join the army. It is mandatory and it is for a minimum of three years for boys and a year and eight months for girls. During the eleventh and twelfth grade you go through several classification processes, in which the army determines where will everyone serve. The process of classification includes several tests, some of them are physical and others are in math and Hebrew. So on the day you are drafted you suppose to know where you are going to serve and what you are going to do, at least for the first few months of your service. For me the experience of joining the army at the age of eighteen was very difficult. I felt that these are my best years but instead of taking advantage of them I am going to the army. In other countries, when a person reaches eighteen he is usually going to college and "start his life". I on the other hand, was about to do one of the most demanding mission a man can do. I postponed my recruiting day as long as I could in order to travel and enjoy as much as I could in that time. I knew that I was going to be a fighter and give up the convenience of being home everyday, eat home made food, go out with friends, sleep in my bed. Instead I would sleep in a tent or lie on the ground on a stake out, eat bad food, and get to know new people. All that was hard for me to accept at the age of 18. To my parents I was the third child to go into the army. My older brother, who was also a fighter, was released two years before I got drafted. And my sister, who served in the intelligence corps, was released only four months before. We all woke up that morning like we did the past two times. Becoming A Soldier :: essays research papers Becoming a soldier The clock was ringing so loudly, it was like he was actually screaming at me. I reached my hand and slapped it. I did not want the night to be over already. I knew that this morning would be very long and grueling, the morning that I have been waiting for in a great fear for several months. It was the morning I was drafted to the army. In Israel, every boy and girl who reaches eighteen have to join the army. It is mandatory and it is for a minimum of three years for boys and a year and eight months for girls. During the eleventh and twelfth grade you go through several classification processes, in which the army determines where will everyone serve. The process of classification includes several tests, some of them are physical and others are in math and Hebrew. So on the day you are drafted you suppose to know where you are going to serve and what you are going to do, at least for the first few months of your service. For me the experience of joining the army at the age of eighteen was very difficult. I felt that these are my best years but instead of taking advantage of them I am going to the army. In other countries, when a person reaches eighteen he is usually going to college and "start his life". I on the other hand, was about to do one of the most demanding mission a man can do. I postponed my recruiting day as long as I could in order to travel and enjoy as much as I could in that time. I knew that I was going to be a fighter and give up the convenience of being home everyday, eat home made food, go out with friends, sleep in my bed. Instead I would sleep in a tent or lie on the ground on a stake out, eat bad food, and get to know new people. All that was hard for me to accept at the age of 18. To my parents I was the third child to go into the army. My older brother, who was also a fighter, was released two years before I got drafted. And my sister, who served in the intelligence corps, was released only four months before. We all woke up that morning like we did the past two times.

Esf Function #8

Executive Summary Introduction to Emergency Management Taylor Carl Mr. Jonathon Johnson October 12, 2012 The Emergency Support Function #8 (ESF #8) from FEMA details support services related to public health and medical services. The primary agency in control of ESF #8 is the Department of Health and Human Services.They are responsible for providing assistance during â€Å"a public health and medical disaster, potential or actual incident requiring a coordinated Federal response, and/or during a developing potential health and medical emergency†, (2008, FEMA, p. 1). Assistance for medical needs covers mental and behavioral health as wells as substance abuse.Assistance is provided in the following core function areas under ESF #8: assessment of public health/medical needs, health surveillance, medical care personnel, health/medical/veterinary equipment and supplies, patient evacuation, patient care, safety and security of drugs, biologics, and medical devices, blood and blood p roducts, food safety and security, agriculture safety and security, all-hazard public health and medical consultation, technical assistance and support, behavioral health care, public health and medical information, vector control, potable water/wastewater and solid waste disposal, mass fatality management, victim identification, and decontaminating remains, and veterinary medical support (2008, FEMA, p. 1-2). All Federal responses are handled by the Secretary of Health and Human Services through the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response (ASPR).The Secretary is also in charge of the assets during a public health emergency with exception of the member of the Armed Forces. They are responsible for coordinating all preparedness, response, and recovery actions consistent with all internal policies and procedures of the Department of Health and Human Services. Once support agencies receive instructions from the Secretary, they are responsible for controlling the ir resources. The Emergency Management Group (EMG) is responsible for handling the ESF #8 response for the ASPR and must remain in constant contact with the National Operations Center (NOC). All organizations involved in response operations must report public health and medical requirements to their appropriate representative.These representatives are stationed in the National Response Coordination Center (NRCC), the Regional Response Coordination Center (RRCC), and the Joint Field Office (JFO). A â€Å"Joint Information Center (JIC) will be established to coordinate incident-related public information†, (2008, FEMA, p. 2). The JIC is able to release information to the public in regards to general medical and public health response. For community issues, a recognized spokesperson will issue communications when possible. Should there be a zoonotic disease outbreak, ESF #8 must coordinate with ESF #11 (Agriculture and Natural Resources). Public information may be released after consultation with the US Department of Agriculture (USDA).During a oil, chemical, biological, or radiological environmental contamination, ESF #8 must coordinate with ESF #10 (Oil and Hazardous Materials) to release information. When action is needed, the ASPR alerts HHS personnel. The ASPR may also request personnel for liaison communications at the HHS Headquarters command locations. The ESF #8 staff stationed in the RRCC and JFO â€Å"will conduct a risk analysis, evaluate, and determine the capability required to meet the mission objective and provide required public health and medical support† assistance to the appropriate parties (2008, FEMA, p. 3). During initial activation, HHS will coordinate conference calls with supporting agencies to discuss and determine response actions.During the assessment process, HHS working with the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), mobilizes and deploys ESF #8 personnel. During surveillance, HHS monitors public health using field stu dies and investigations, monitors disease patterns and potential outbreaks, performs blood and blood product vigilance along with monitoring blood supply levels, and provides technical assistance and consultation on disease prevention. Immediate medical responses are handled by HHS’s internal assets. While most equipment and supplies are deployed from the Strategic National Stockpile (SNS), the Department of Defense (DOD) and the Veterans Affairs (VA) may also provide them to health care facilities in a disaster area.Should there be a need a veterinary supplies, assets may be requested from the National Veterinary Stockpile (2008, FEMA, p. 4-5). During an emergency situation, ESF #8 is charged with transporting those seriously ill or injured patients, and medical needs population to designated areas. They may request the assistance of the DOD, VA, or FEMA. When patients are not necessarily in a disaster area but still require evacuation assistance, ESF #8 provides personnel f or medical services through civil service staff, US Public Health Service Commissioned Corps, regional offices, and States. ESF #8 must ensure safety and security of drugs, biologics, and medical devices.Biologics, including blood, blood products, organs, and vaccines, must be monitored to ensure availability and safety. Federally regulated foods must meet safety and security requirements monitored by ESF #8 and ESF #11. This authority is extended to all domestic and imported foods except meat, poultry, and egg products. In addition, ESF #8 and ESF #11 must ensure the health and safety of food-producing animals(2008, FEMA, p. 5-6). Worker Safety and Health is led by the Department of Labor (DOL). ESF #8/HHS acts a support agency. ESF #8 may require assistance from regional offices in â€Å"assessing public health, medical, and veterinary medical effects resulting from all hazards†, (2008, FEMA, p. 6).This may include assessments on the general public and high-risk population groups, field investigations, providing advice on human and animal exposures, advice on indirect exposures such as food, water, and drug contamination, and â€Å"providing technical assistance and consultation on medical treatment, screening, and decontamination of injured or contaminated individuals†, (2008, FEMA, p. 6). Behavioral health care is handled by ESF #8 and partner organizations to assess mental health and substance abuse needs. This may include â€Å"emotional, psychological, psychological first aid, behavioral, or cognitive limitations requiring assistance or supervision†, (2008, FEMA, p. 7).ESF #8 provides public health, disease, and injury prevention information to the public in multiple languages and formations for those with limited English proficiency or learning disabilities. ESF #8 works with other partner organizations to assess and handle vector-borne disease threats. This includes research and investigation, equipment and supplies, and providing technical assistance and consultation. ESF #8 assists in potable water, wastewater, and solid waste disposal. This includes examining contaminated water for public health effects. ESF #8 works with partner organizations track and document human remains, including reducing hazards associated with contaminated remains.They may set up temporary morgue facilities, determine the cause of death, collect postmortem information, use scientific means to identify human remains, and provide technical assistance and consultation. They may request assistance from partner organizations to provide support to families of victims during the postmortem process (2008, FEMA, p. 7). ESF #8 works closely with ESF #11 to provide veterinary medical support. This may include caring for research animals when ESF #11 does not have the expertise. They must protect the health of livestock and companion services animals by ensuring safety of food and drugs administered (2008, FEMA, p. 8). ESF #8 requires many s upport agencies to be fully functional. The HHS works closely with the USDA for personnel, supplies, and equipment.They also assist with nutrition, outbreak control of animal disease, and food safety. The DOD performs many functions for ESF #8. They provide support for patient evacuation, logistical support to public health/medical response operations, personnel for casualty clearing, patient reception and tracking, personnel for protection of public health, emergency medical support, managing humaning remains, evaluation and risk management, and provide blood products (2008, FEMA, p. 10-11). The DHS helps with ESF #8 by providing communication support, offering transportation support if necessary, providing hazard predictions relating to atmospheric releases, and enforcing international quarantines.FEMA assists with mobilization centers, transport of resources, emergency food and water supplies, equipment and medical supplies, and transportation of patients considered too ill or in capable of general evacuation (2008, FEMA, p. 12-13). The HHS must ensure proper staffing to coordinate efforts for medical assistance to an affected area. They must support and assist State, tribal, and local communities in an emergency. Their primary duties include monitoring blood and blood supplies, forming liaisons for communications, coordinating patient evacuation, and working with the USDA to ensure food safety. REFERENCES Emergency Support Function #8 – Public Health and Medical Services Annex. Federal Emergency Management Agency. Retrieved from www. fema. gov/pdf/emergency/nrf/nrf-esf-08. pdf

Value Management Is It Important Essay - 977 Words

Value Management is concerned with improving and maintaining an advantageous balance between the wants and needs of associated stakeholders, and the resources needed to satisfy them (IVM, 2015). Value is a concept that is personal to some extent and corporate in another respects. Thus, it is crucial to identify the stakeholders involved in the project in order to determine their requirements, this will then determine the subsequent level of value rooted in the process, product or object (Perera, 2012). Value Management can be viewed differently by different parties, it may be described as a structured, analytical process for developing innovative, holistic solutions to complex problems (TAM 2004), or â€Å"a fair return or equivalent in goods, services, or money for something exchanged (Save International, 2007) Connaughton and Green (1996) documented that using VM will aid the achievement of value for money, and according to Dallas (2006), the use of VM approaches increases cost saving prospects from 5-45%, with improvements in overall performance. There are additionally other benefits of using VM in the project process such as greater understanding of business needs, increased innovation in design and improved team working (OGC, 2007 find REF) Norton and McElligott (1995), and Dallas (2006) highlighted the systematic procedure adapted during VM analysis includes three phases; the pre-study, workshop, and post-study activates, and Male, et al. 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